MODERN LAND LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

MODERN LAND LAW - Essay Example Trusts of this nature are ‘created by a transaction between the trustee and the cestui que trust in connection with the acquisition by the trustee of a legal estate in land, whenever the trustee has so conducted himself that it would be inequitable to allow him to deny to the cestui que trust a beneficial interest in the land acquired. And he will be held to have so conducted himself if by his words or conduct he has induced the cestui que trust to act to his own detriment in the reasonable belief that by so acting he was acquiring a beneficial interest in the land.’2 The case giving way to Lord Diplock’s observations, Gissing v Gissing involved a scenario where matrimonial property was held in the name of the husband only. The questions for determination were: Did the husband hold the legal title upon trust for the benefit of both he and the wife. And if so, how were the beneficial interests to be divided? In cases such as this, Lord Diplock opined that court must satisfy itself on the evidence that it was ‘the common intention of both spouses that the contributing wife should have a share in the beneficial interest and that her contributions were made upon this understanding.’3 In many cases, the intention or common understanding of the parties will have to be inferred as there is not always going to be statements of intent from either or both parties. Lord Diplock went on to explain that this inference might also be a mere matter of fact. In many cases he explained and husband and wife purchase a matrimonial home by virtue of a mortgage, the capacity of each spouse to contribute to the monthly mortgage payments will usually come out of their separate earnings. However, a woman’s income might be altered by the introduction of children into the marital union. This, Lord Diplock stated should not operate to negate the common intention of both parties to acquire a

Business Ethics Essay Example for Free

Business Ethics Essay This paper will focus on Benji Watson, a graduate from the Liberty University MBA program and his recruitment by a corporation that sells various vitamins, health foods and health supplements; New Gen Health Sciences. The case study that was presented provides us certain information that Benji has either gotten from his recruiter or from his own personal research. After a weekend of being at the company introduction event, Benji is presented with a dilemma as to whether to accept the lucrative offer New Gen has presented him. Throughout this paper I will take a closer look as to whether I believe Benji should or should not accept his contract offer from New Gen. Integrity One of the most important factors when looking into joining a corporation is to take a look from the top and see how the CEO runs his corporation. Benji has already had several red flags raised as to the business practices that the CEO of New Gen employs throughout his corporation. Mary C. Daly (2003) describes how a Harvard Business School case study quoted an Enron official who gave a description of Jeffrey Skilling’s decision-making process as follows: It was all about creating an atmosphere of deliberately breaking the rules† (p. 269-270). She goes on to say that in a similar situation, Salomon Brothers encouraged extreme risk taking in the pursuit of profits that sometimes were not within the ethics or morals of the individual (p. 270). A severe lack of integrity within these corporations ultimately led to their demise. Unfortunately, it seems as if the CEO of New Gen is headed down this same path in his pursuit of profits. The CEO of New Gen claims to be a person who cares about people and making their lives better, yet he displays a total lack of integrity when he referred to the company’s customers as â€Å"fat, lazy, lethargic Americans.† Benji needs to ask himself, is this the type of boss I want to work for? To make matters worse and to once again bring the CEO’s integrity into question, he harshly asked another potential employee whose infant child was crying to leave the room as to not bother the others who were in the room. I would caution Benji to take into consideration these actions when he makes his decision. Julia Sferlazzo (2012) describes two types of business ethics theories and the debate that focuses on whose interest’s managers should consider when they are making decisions (p. 772). The two theories, shareholder and stakeholder theories respectively, both take a different approach in how they go about implementing their business ethics. The shareholders theory basically involves when the only duty of the manager is to pursue profit and that the only obligations they have are to act within the confines of the law. This theory was favored in the early 1900’s but over the past several decades this theory has fallen out of favor in terms of government regulation due to the corruption and corporate greed. In the stakeholders theory, a balance is placed on what is in the best interest of the shareholder, employees, the community, and as society. This theory of professional ethics is accepted the most amongst academics (Sferlazzo, 2012, p.772-773). Based on the theories I have outlined above, I believe that New Gen more closely falls in line with the shareholder theory, and one that could lead down the path of corruption. Although New Gen is not ethically doing anything illegal, they are falsely marketing their company as a leader in ethics when in reality they are only in pursuit of the maximum amount of profit. â€Å"For the love of money is the root of all evil; which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows. But though, O man of God, flee these things; and follow after righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, meekness† (Timothy 6:10-11, NIV). Strategic Ethics vs. Real Ethics In Dobson’s (n.d.) critique, he states several times that although a business’ actions may appear moral, it is clear that the motivation can sometimes only be material. This question is are these companies only saying they are running an ethical business as motivation to attract investors or are they taking action on what they are saying by their real ethics they are imploring. When Benji was conversing with his recruiter about New Gen’s industry leading ethics code, the recruiter basically told him that it was a strategy that the company had to say in order to ensure  government regulations were met and they could entice investors. This should be a red flag for Benji that this company may be employing a strategic ethic instead of real ethics in order to attract new investors rather than doing the right thing. These dishonest business practices along with not being able to adhere to real ethics and using them only to their strategic advantage will eventually ca tch up to this company and its financials will struggle if these practices continue. â€Å"Beware of false prophets who come to you in sheep’s clothing but inwardly are ravaging wolves† (Matthew 7:15, NIV). Benji would be wise to heed the advice that Jesus gave to Matthew when advising him on how to enter the kingdom of heaven. Spiritually, Benji has to make a conscience effort to continue to research and investigate on whether this is a wise decision for him to accept a job from a potential dishonest corporation. Is New Gen a corporation that values its consumers and employers both ethically and spiritually or are they a corporation that only uses their â€Å"industry leading ethics code† as a strategic ploy to attract their investors? These are the questions Benji must consider when deciding on accepting this contract offer. The Decision From both a spiritual and an ethical perspective there is no way that I would advise Benji to accept this job offer. Although this job appears lucrative from the outside looking in, upon further research Benji should realize that this company’s foundation is based upon furthering the profit for the CEO and not taking into consideration of the stakeholders. Furthermore, New Gen is a company that is dishonest and shows a total disregard to the integrity that a reputable business would display. In no way would I advise Benji to accept this job offer. References Daly, Mary C. (2003). INTEGRITY IN THE PRACTICE OF LAW: TEACHING INTEGRITY IN THE PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY CURRICULUM: A MODEST PROPOSAL FOR CHANGE. Fordham Law Review, 72, 261-277. Dobson, John (n.d.). Virtue Ethics as a Foundation for Business Ethics: A â€Å"MacIntyre-Based Critique† Retrieved May 15, 2013, from http://www.stthomas.edu/cathstudies/cst/conferences/antwerp/papers/dobson.pdf Sferlazzo, Julia (2012). Learning Legal Ethics From MBAs: How a Comparison of Legal and Business Ethics Could Promote Ethical Professional Behavior. Georgetown Journal of Legal Ethics, 25, 769-786.

Samuel Seabury :: essays research papers

Born in Groton, Conn., Samuel Seabury was the son of the Reverend Samuel Seabury Sr. His Father was a pioneer of New England Anglicanism who followed the example of Samuel Johnson. Samuel Jr.,broke away from the Congregationalists and pursued Anglican ordination. He graduated from Yale in 1744 and received his B.A in 1748. He married Abigail Mumford and went abroad in 1784 to obtain consecration as an Anglican Priest. On December 23, 1753, Samuel Seabury was ordained a deacon and two days later a priest of the Anglican Church. He was licensed by the church to preach in New Jersey. He preached in various places, but none suited his fancy. A preacher in Westchester was charged with drunkenness and sexual assault, which opened up the preaching position. Samuel filled the position and preached in an uneventful ministry. He also ran a school in Westchester. As the tensions between Britain and the colonies grew stronger, Samuel stayed loyal to the crown. He viewed the American government as very primitive and dependent on the British government. When talk of the First Continental Congress arose, he began to voice his opinion. He tried to stop the election of the delegates by writing various pamphlets. His attempt proved futile and the delegates were elected and met together on that fateful day in Philadelphia when a new nation was envisioned. Now Samuel began to take more courageous steps in preventing the breaking away of the colonies. He wrote â€Å"Westchester Farmer† ,a compilation of five essays reasoning why the colonies should stay with the English. The five essays were Free Thoughts on the Proceedings of the Congress, The Congress Canvassed, Free Thoughts in the Full Vindication of the Congress, A View of Controversy, The Republican Dissected. Some of the writings were directed towards New Yorkers and local farmers. He beg ged the New York legislature to reject the laws of the â€Å"enthusiastic republicans† and was quoted as saying, †The Congress is in the power of a faction using a mob to carry out its purposes†. The other writings were a rebuttal or defense to Alexander Hamilton’s attack. Hamilton was a student at the time when the pamphlets came out and he wrote The Farmer Refuted, a pamphlet opposing Seabury’s loyalist views. The news spread like wild fire and four of the pamphlets were printed in newspapers across the colonies. Samuel was branded a loyalist right away and this unintentionally made him some enemies.

Shakespeare: Foreshadowing in Macbeth

William Shakespeare has been, and continues to be, one of the most famous writers of all time. His writings, specifically playwrights, include varieties of different writing techniques that never fail to capture the attention of audiences of all ages.One of his most famous tragedies – Macbeth – is certainly no disappointment. Though Macbeth is one of his shortest tragedies, Shakespeare takes the elements of madness, evilness, and jealousness and wraps them up into a timeless tale chock full of literary elements.One of the most studied and most profound literary elements found in Macbeth is foreshadowing. Foreshadow; verb; be a warning or indication of (a future event). † Foreshadowing gives the audience a hint of what is to come without completely giving away the event, though it will make sense after the event happens.The first example of foreshadowing we see in Macbeth is found in Act 1, Scene 1 in the three witches’ prophecies. We see the three witches s how up multiple times throughout Macbeth to hint at the future.The reader immediately sees an example of the prophecies in Act 1, Scene 1 when the witches are talking about meeting Macbeth. They say that they will meet him â€Å"when the battle’s lost and won† (Act 1, Scene 1).Logistically, this phrase makes sense because every battle will have a loser and a winner, however when we look at the deeper meaning of this phrase, it shows the witches’ recurring â€Å"double meaning† way of speaking that will eventually give false hope to Macbeth in the ending battle scenes.We see another example of foreshadowing in the Act 1, Scene 1 witches’ prophecies of Macbeth as well. All of the witches come together and yell â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair† (Act 1, Scene 1). The element of this phrase recurs throughout Macbeth to show the differences between reality and appearance.Macbeth quotes a similar version of this phrase in his first entrance whe n he says â€Å"So foul and fair a day I have not seen† (Act 1, Scene 3). The day itself, the weather, is â€Å"foul†, but the day’s events have proven â€Å"fair† because they have won the battle.This witch prophecy contradicts reality and appearance and foreshadows that there will be many events in the future that may look â€Å"fair† to the eye, but are, in reality, â€Å"foul†. One final example of foreshadowing that we see in the introduction of Macbeth is when the witches come to meet Macbeth and Banquo.Each witch greets Macbeth with a separate title: â€Å"Thane of Glamis†, â€Å"Thane of Cawdor†, and â€Å"King hereafter† (Act 1, Scene 3). This foreshadowing is a little more obvious than the others in the fact that it is clear Macbeth will be given these three titles at some point in his life.The witches fail to mention, however, the manner in which these titles will be achieved, which we know to be a maddening v enture for Macbeth and his wife. Foreshadowing, no matter how bold or subtle, is a key literary element in Shakespeare’s Macbeth.The three witches prophesize the upcoming events in Macbeth, adding to the suspense and adventure of the writing. The foreshadowing and other literary elements in Macbeth help maintain such a classic piece of tragedy literature that will stand the test of time.

Elements of Literature Essay

Many literature students are expected to be familiar with the basic terms listed below (and discussed in more depth in your text). Keep this study guide with your text. At the beginning of each reading assignment, write the elements of literature pertaining to the particular type of literature at the beginning of the short story or poem. After reading, define them in your text for class discussion, quizzes, and test preparation. To understand literature, it is necessary that you ask yourself certain questions, such as â€Å"what is the theme of this story? † or â€Å"why does the author use this particular type of imagery? † You are not necessarily reading for pleasure–although it is sincerely hoped you will derive pleasure from your assignments–but for the development of critical analysis skills, so observe the author’s style and intent carefully. Short Stories/Novel Theme–The idea or point of a story formulated as a generalization. In American literature, several themes are evident which reflect and define our society. The dominant ones might be innocence/experience, life/death, appearance/reality, free will/fate, madness/sanity, love/hate, society/individual, known/unknown. Themes may have a single, instead of a dual nature as well. The theme of a story may be a mid-life crisis, or imagination, or the duality of humankind (contradictions). Character–Imaginary people created by the writer. Perhaps the most important element of literature. †¢ Protagonist–Major character at the center of the story. †¢ Antagonist–A character or force that opposes the protagonist. †¢ Minor character–0ften provides support and illuminates the protagonist. †¢ Static character–A character who remains the same. †¢ Dynamic character–A character who changes in some important way. †¢ Characterization–The means by which writers reveal character. †¢ Explicit Judgment–Narrator gives facts and interpretive comment. †¢ Implied Judgment–Narrator gives description; reader make the judgment. Look for: Connections, links, and clues between and about characters. Ask yourself what the function and significance of each character is. Make this determination based upon the character’s history, what the reader is told (and not told), and what other characters say about themselves and others. Plot–The arrangement of ideas and/or incidents that make up a story. Causality–One event occurs because of another event. †¢ Foreshadowing–A suggestion of what is going to happen. †¢ Suspense–A sense of worry established by the author. †¢ Conflict–Struggle between opposing forces. †¢ Exposition–Background information regarding the setting, characters, plot. †¢ Complication or Rising Action–Intensification of conflict. †¢ Crisis–Turning point; moment of great tension that fixes the action. †¢ Resolution/Denouement–The way the story turns out. Structure–The design or form of the completed action. Often provides clues to character and action. Can even philosophically mirror the author’s intentions, especially if it is unusual. Look for: Repeated elements in action, gesture, dialogue, description, as well as shifts in direction, focus, time, place, etc. Setting–The place or location of the action, the setting provides the historical and cultural context for characters. It often can symbolize the emotional state of characters. Point of View–Again, the point of view can sometimes indirectly establish the author’s intentions. Point of view pertains to who tells the story and how it is told. †¢ Narrator–The person telling the story. †¢ First-person–Narrator participates in action but sometimes has limited knowledge/vision. †¢ Objective–Narrator is unnamed/unidentified (a detached observer). Does not assume character’s perspective and is not a character in the story. The narrator reports on events and lets the reader supply the meaning. †¢ Omniscient–All-knowing narrator (multiple perspectives). The narrator takes us into the character and can evaluate a character for the reader (editorial omniscience). When a narrator allows the reader to make his or her own judgments from the action of the characters themselves, it is called neutral omniscience. †¢ Limited omniscient–All-knowing narrator about one or two characters, but not all. Language and Style–Style is the verbal identity of a writer, oftentimes based on the author’s use of diction (word choice) and syntax (the order of words in a sentence). A writer’s use of language reveals his or her tone, or the attitude toward the subject matter. Irony–A contrast or discrepancy between one thing and another. †¢ Verbal irony–We understand the opposite of what the speaker says. †¢ Irony of Circumstance or Situational Irony–When one event is expected to occur but the opposite happens. A discrepancy between what seems to be and what is. †¢ Dramatic Irony–Discrepancy between what characters know and what readers know. †¢ Ironic Vision–An overall tone of irony that pervades a work, suggesting how the writer views the characters. Poetry Allegory–A form of narrative in which people, places, and events seem to have hidden meanings. Often a retelling of an older story. Connotation–The implied meaning of a word. Denotation–The dictionary definition of a word. Diction–Word choice and usage (for example, formal vs. informal), as determined by considerations of audience and purpose. Figurative Language–The use of words to suggest meanings beyond the literal. There are a number of figures of speech. Some of the more common ones are: †¢ Metaphor–Making a comparison between unlike things without the use of a verbal clue (such as â€Å"like† or â€Å"as†). †¢ Simile–Making a comparison between unlike things, using â€Å"like† or â€Å"as†. †¢ Hyperbole–Exaggeration †¢ Personification–Endowing inanimate objects with human characteristics Imagery–A concrete representation of a sense impression, a feeling, or an idea which appeals to one or more of our senses. Look for a pattern of imagery. †¢ Tactile imagery–sense of touch. †¢ Aural imagery–sense of hearing. †¢ Olfactory imagery–sense of smell. †¢ Visual imagery–sense of sight. †¢ Gustatory imagery–sense of taste. Rhythm and Meter–Rhythm is the pulse or beat in a line of poetry, the regular recurrence of an accent or stress. Meter is the measure or patterned count of a poetry line (a count of the stresses we feel in a poem’s rhythm). The unit of poetic meter in English is called a â€Å"foot,† a unit of measure consisting of stressed and unstressed syllables. Ask yourself how the rhythm and meter affects the tone and meaning. Sound–Do the words rhyme? Is there alliteration (repetition of consonants) or assonance (repetition of vowels)? How does this affect the tone? Structure–The pattern of organization of a poem. For example, a sonnet is a 14-line poem usually written in iambic pentameter. Because the sonnet is strictly constrained, it is considered a closed or fixed form. An open or free form is a poem in which the author uses a looser form, or perhaps one of his or her own invention. It is not necessarily formless. Symbolism–When objects or actions mean more than themselves. Syntax–Sentence structure and word order. Voice: Speaker and Tone–The voice that conveys the poem’s tone; its implied attitude toward its subject. Elements of Literature Literature is a reflection of the society. A writer appeals to our feelings, emotions through various elements of literature, such as plot, character, theme, etc. Read more to know about the elements of literature. We can summarize literature in the words of Ezra Pound that great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree. Every race has its own literature, for example, English literature, American literature, German literature, etc. Various types of literaturesuch as story, novel and drama delight us through the elements of literature. In literature, theme is important to reveal the story. An author depicts the ups and downs of the protagonist with the help of characterization. The story progresses through various plots. There are prologues and epilogues in Shakespearean drama. Facts on Elements of Literature: Elements of literature denote the things that are used to make up a work of literature. There are different types and forms of literature. They are novel, drama, poetry, biography, non-fictional prose, essay, epic and short story. All these types of literature have some elements. To complete a piece of literature, a writer, dramatist or a novelist need to use certain elements like plot, character, theme, etc. However, elements of fiction and elements of drama differ from elements of poetry. These elements are discussed below: Elements of Fiction and Drama : Literary types such as fiction; drama and short story have some elements.

Viking Longships Essays

Viking Longships Essays Viking Longships Paper Viking Longships Paper The Vikings are peoples that were originally from Scandinavia. Scandinavia is now Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. From the eight to the eleventh century, these people originally referred to as Norsemen began to raid places in Europe and other countries they became referred to as Vikings. The name Viking, originates from the place Viken in the Oslofjord. The Oslofjord is a bay south-east of Norway. Vikings are known for plundering from other societies. They are usually shown that the whole Viking nation went out to help on these raids but, they were done mostly independent by chieftains that obtained men who were willing to aid and longships. Viking Longships are the warships of the Vikings. These ships were used mostly for raids because of their ability to travel swiftly in coastal waters, open waters, rivers, and estuaries and travel long distances. The Longships are usually in between twenty to thirty-five meters long. The largest Longship discovered was at Roskilde Harbor, which is in Demark, and it was 35 meters in length. It had the capacity to carry 72 oars and a crew of 100 men. Tree- ring analysis places this ship to be created around 1025 A. D. The Longships usually carried between twenty to sixty Viking warriors. The ship was also big enough for all the equipment that the Vikings had to transport, and the loot that they plundered. These Longships were light-weight and strong. They were created with a square sail. The square sails were made of woven wool. The sail could be pulled down over the crew to protect them during rough storms. The sail is what allowed the Longship to sail so quickly throughout rough seas and other waters. The sail in combination with the oars allowed for the Vikings to sail through open oceans straight through and then switch to using the oars when they were near attacks. The Longships also featured a shallow hull that allows the ship to sail up onto the beach or sail through rivers. This also aided with raiding villages that have centers on the river. Craftsmen in that time would create the boat differently by first splitting an oak tree’s trunk into long, thin planks. The craftsmen attached the boards together with iron nails then to a single sturdy keel and then to each other, with one board overlapping another. The Vikings used this clinker technique as opposed to the more used method of building the skeleton of the hull first. Craftsmen then spaced the floor timbers to the keel of the boat and not the hull. This created flexibility, speed, maneuverability within the boat. Modern replicas of Viking Longships have reached up to fourteen knots and could be closely compared to the speed of modern sailboats. Viking Longships were basically without any civilized religion and their ships often were created with a dragons head on the bow of the ship to protect them from evil sea spirits. The Longship was a great advantage to the Vikings. When a chief or leader died, the Longship was sometimes buried in the grave with the leader or chief. The Vikings believed that this practice would help the dead chief or leader quickly sail to Valhalla. Some dead Viking warriors were placed in their ships when they passed away. The ship would then be set on fire and they would sail away slowly. The Viking Longships basically created the Viking Age, from eight hundred to eleven hundred A. D. A misconception about this period is that the Vikings were the only group of uncivilized people who were running about plundering societies, but in actuality this was just a time where this was almost normal. There were more groups than just the Vikings plundering societies but, the Vikings were just the best at doing it. The model of the Longship paved the way for other models of ships. The Vikings pretty much had a sort of new technology. Citations: (THE VIKINGS) (Hauge, 2002) (Fitzhugh, 2005)

schooling should not be compulsory

I believe that schooling should not be compulsory. Making school education voluntary would actually educate people who want to learn in a better manner, increase high school safety, and be less of a detriment to our rights. First of all, making a child goto school for about six hours a day, 180 days a year, for about ten years, is a violation of his or her liberties. Keep in mind that the child has to attend until the legal age (16 in many states), whether or not the child learns anything or could learn it faster or better somewhere else. The government says it has a "compelling interest" in the education of children. This might be true, but that doesnt give them the right to make it compulsory. If something like public schooling was compulsory for adults, there would be public uproar. While parents do have alternatives to government run schools, such as private schools and homeschooling, these alternatives are implausible for most parents. In any case, the parent really doesnt get to decide whether to send their child to school, they just get to decide which government approved schooling method to send their kids to. This goes back to one principle given the chance, governments think noth! ing of telling parents how to raise their children. Forced attendance also has the effect of letting children who do not want to be in school disrupt those who do. Children vary widely. It is not fair for both people who want to be in school and people who dont. Overall, this has had a negative impact on both the education given by schools and the safety of the schools. When compulsory attendance laws were first instituted, there was no objection that such laws would endanger the safety and even the lives of teachers and of students who wanted to be in school. Things have changed. Forcing a person who does not want to learn to be present in school anyway may do little for the student, as evidenced by the fact that many...

How to Set Line Spacing in Microsoft Word - Proofread My Paper

How to Set Line Spacing in Microsoft Word - Proofread My Paper How to Set Line Spacing in Microsoft Word In the old days, getting a document written up neatly involved having a medieval monk painstakingly copy everything out by hand in elaborate illuminated script. Thankfully, now we have word processors, which makes life much simpler. As well as eliminating the need to hire a scribe, programs like Microsoft Word provide a range of formatting options to make sure your work is easy to read. In this post, for example, we take a look at how to set line spacing in Microsoft Word. What is Line Spacing? Why Does it Matter? Line spacing is the gap between lines of text in your document. College students are often told to use double spacing (i.e., a gap twice the height of the font) to enhance the clarity of their written work and so markers have space to leave feedback on a paper. How to Set Line Spacing Adjusting the spacing in a document is reassuringly easy thanks to the pre-defined settings in Microsoft Word (instructions apply to Word 2007 onwards): Select the text you want to adjust Find the â€Å"Paragraph† section on the â€Å"Home† tab Click on the line and paragraph spacing button to open the dropdown menu Select the desired line spacing (standard options range from 1.0 to 3.0) To double-space your document, simply click â€Å"2.0.† If you pick Line Spacing Options from the dropdown menu, you can also customize the spacing to suit your requirements. Taking Shortcuts If you find yourself regularly adjusting the spacing in your work, you could save time by using the keyboard shortcuts in Microsoft Word. For line spacing, these are: Line Spacing PC Mac 1.0 Ctrl + 1 Command + 1 1.5 Ctrl + 5 Command + 5 2.0 Ctrl + 2 Command + 2 To set the spacing in your document this way, simply select the passage(s) you want to modify and use the shortcut for the spacing desired. To select all text in the document, use Ctrl + A on PC or Command + A on Mac.

Globalization in the Contemporary World Coursework

Globalization in the Contemporary World - Coursework Example However, in the recent past, dating up to 50 years back, global environmental politics have been concerned with the global environment as the key point of focus of the modern aspect of environmentalism (Orhan, 2009, 63). In the current world, the relation between environmental change and political forces is being examined by global environmental politics. In particular, the focal point of this relationship revolves around the implications of the interactions between the local and global issues, with regard to management of the environment (Rudra and Jensen, 2011, 642). Similarly, the issue of environmental change is considered with a focal point of world politics (Biermann, Davies and Grijp, 2009, 354). The prospects for the emergence of a form of effective global environmental governance in the twenty-first century are extremely limited. The current world faces many shortcomings with regard to environmental issues. The global appreciation of the nature of problems has been signified by a tremendous growth in the global environmental governance systems. The global environmental problems have causes, numerous impacts and more significantly, the approaches to them. Consequently, local problems have been transformed into international problems by the natural setting, with the rapid rates of globalisation. Many societies have experienced these crucial environmental problems including deforestation, overpopulation, pollution, ozone depletion, waste disposal and global warming (Myint, 2011, 399). Of the foremost global environmental problems, global warming and overpopulation are at the centre stage. This paper explores how these two key problems have caused a substantial drawback on the efforts towards the attainment of global environmental governance. Implications of Overpopulation on Global Environmental Governance Over the years, the world’s population has been booming due to global efforts towards the betterment of people’s livelihoods. The world p opulation was 1 billion in the 1850s and grew to 5 billion by the year 1987 (Hall, 2011, 200). Recently, the world population hit the 7 billion marking an alarming figure that the planet can support. The population distribution in the world is extremely critical given that the most densely populated areas are areas that are still developing. For instance, the global South is characterised by a higher rate of population growth. In this case, the global south has fewer resources that can support the high populations. More critically, the rapid population growth has triggered a massive encroachment of mankind in forested areas. Consequently, deforestation has been on the rise and issues of environmental protection have risen. Overpopulation has impacted the natural environment with regard to sustainable development. Man has impacted the natural setting in bigger magnitude, and this calls for an adjustment on the overall perception of ecological issues. More so, the conventional views o f people with regard to socio-political order have to be revised with regard to the local and global platforms. Thus, the current world is subjected to the need of examining the impacts of non political aspects. However, a serious setback has been the interrelation between global politics and environmental crisis, regarding to political and ecological perspectives. Thus, issues that may seem to be viable only at the local spectrum can equally be transformed

Women's Suffrage campaigns Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Women's Suffrage campaigns - Research Paper Example This was following a long and difficult struggle against federal governments as well as the state. Previously, women never took part in general elections simply for the reason that they were women (Macbain-Stephens, 4). This paper discusses Women's Suffrage/the right to vote. Introduction Women's suffrage refers to women’s right to hold public office and to vote. The women's suffrage movement comprises of reformers’ every organized activity to add constitutional amendments and laws guaranteeing women the right to vote or to transform laws that hindered women from voting (Lewis, 1). Between early 1800s and civil war, which took place between the years 1861 and 1865, the US had a growing middle class, including families wherein while the women stayed at home taking care of their children, men held positions of lawyers, managers, business owners, among others. During this time, stereotypical ideas regarding women as well as men’s roles emerged from the culture of me n going into the world of work. People held the argument that since women were pure of heart in addition to being physically weak, only men could cope with the harsh events of the world of rough work. Another belief was that women should seldom leave home – they were expected to develop the aspects of submissiveness, purity, piety, and domesticity, maintaining the values of morality and stability in the home. They were also expected to create a getaway from the competitive world of business for their men (Macbain-Stephens, 6). Women were denied the right to own property, vote, obtain a divorce, speak in public, or serve on juries (Adams, 4). Macbain-Stephens further explains that long before and during the Progressive movement, a period of great reform (1900-1920) during which great transformations in economic, political and social ideas were occurring in the US, women had been fighting for their voting rights (they tried for more than 80 years without succeeding). In the year 1776 for example, a woman by the name Abigail Adams expressed strong views regarding her desire to take a more prominent role in the decision-making process pertaining the way in which the government was run as well as share a voice in the election of individuals who ran it. Abigail was the second US president’s wife and she wrote John Adams, her husband, a letter voicing her reaction to the proclamation that ‘all men are created equal’ after she had read a draft of the constitution that the second Continental Congress had written. In the letter, she requested her husband to ‘remember the ladies’ and be more favorable and to generous them than his ancestors. She promised that if her husband would not give particular attention and care to the ladies, they were determined to provoke a rebellion, and that they would not hold themselves bound by any laws in which they had no voice or representation (Adams, 4 & Thelizlibrary.org, 1-3). Abigail cauti oned against according all the power to men during the formation of a new government. According to her, the constitutional freedoms and rights were also supposed to be applicable to women too. However, Abigail’s letter did not change anything. She still held the belief that one day, women would come together to secure equal rights for themselves. By early 19th century, a period during which there was the discussion of new ideas as well as the changing of the old ideas, many people shared Abigail opinion. Equally, both men and women such as Frances Wright started protesting against the discrimination against women. a writer and editor to a newspaper known as the ‘free Enquirer’, Wright became an inspiration to many women and they

American Vision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American Vision - Essay Example Tom Cruise may be really interested in his acting that it may seem like he is just playing. But nevertheless, he is paid for it. The teacher on the other hand, may hate what he is doing. As such it may be considered as labor. However, for the purposes of this discussion, let us assume that he loves teaching as much as Tom Cruise loves his acting. Since we have stated that both actor and teaches is both working and loving what their doing, let us compare their earnings. The teacher earns $25,000 in a year. The movie actor could earn $15 million in three weeks. Obviously, being an actor is more lucrative. Hence the question now presented to us is whether or not this inequitable distribution of wealth is just. To answer this question, we must determine the factors that contribute to why each is paid that way. Firstly, we must look at the nature of their work. The work of the teacher has a more lasting and significant effect as it shapes the mind of the children. It is very important that they do their jobs well as the future of the kids and consequently of this nation, lies on their hands. On the other hand, the work of the actor only has an aesthetic and entertainment value. While "The Arts" is important, it is not as crucial as the work of an educator. The influence of the teacher on the lives of their students is direct, immediate and enduring. The teacher has the power to shape an individual, while the actor is not. We can see here that the disparity in their earnings does not depend on the effect of their jobs. Thus, we move on to looking at the skill required to perform their work. The teacher studied for years to be able to do what he is doing. The actor on the other hand, need not attend formal education. But this does not mean that he did not engage in activities to improve his acting skills. An actor may attend workshops or take on smaller roles for smaller pay. An actor may undergo painful cosmetic surgeries, take in cruel criticisms for his work and sacrifice their private lives. Though their efforts may be different, it would be unfair to suppose that, compared to the teacher, the actor worked less to get to where he is now. Thus, it would be safe to assume that they worked just as hard. However, an actor like Tom Cruise does not only depend on his acting skills. Most of his earnings are attributed to the fact that he is who he is. If a producer requires Tom Cruise to star in the movie, no one else can fill that spot. If an advertiser wants Tom Cruise to endorse their product, no one other than Tom Cruise can do the job. As such, the work of Tom Cruise requires a special skill, talent and personality. On the other hand, the job of the teacher is less unique. While it takes a lot of study to become one, as long as one is diligent enough to finish one's studies, get the proper licenses and qualifications, one may become a teacher too. As such, the teacher in our example may be replaced by another teacher with the same qualification. Joseph A. Schumpeter said that competition is a factor that may dictate prices. To apply it in the case presented, Tom Cruise has no competition in his field as there is no other Tom Cruise. This allows him to dictate the price of his service. He can demand as much as $15 million dollars for three weeks work in a movie. On the other hand, our teacher has lots of competition. Even if he is really good in his work, there is only so much that he can demand. Otherwise, he would be replaced by

Employment Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Employment Law - Essay Example Any resolution will be complex and contested; hence from the view point of Karl Marx, Marx believed that no completely satisfactory resolution is possible without a total revolution in social-economic system. Marx could have been right but the employment law in the 21st century attempts to balance the logic of the market system with the liberal aspiration of ensuring that individuals are treated with respect and impartially, as well as, have the opportunity to construct meaningful lives. In most cases, contract laws are applied in workplaces because they are vital and are legal aspects that tend to formalize an agreement in more than two parties. Question One: Many issues arise in the workplaces especially where many employees have varied issues such as health problems and many others. Some employees have complicated health issues that may hinder effective performance of the company and Michael’s case is among the common cases arising in the contemporary workplaces. Addressing these issues in a pragmatic manner requires clear and effective understanding of contract laws. Contracts are agreements which have lawful objects entered into voluntarily by two or more parties; thus they intend to create legal obligations among the parties (Twomey, 2013, p. 87). The contract should be acceptable, have an offer, mutual consideration and it should have a legal capacity vital for creating mutuality of obligation (Collins, 2010, p. 91). The contract laws take into considerations varied range of matters such as employment terms, real property sale issues, independent contractor relationship, intellectual property issues and settlement of disputes in the workplace. The contract law demands that all workers with a contract of employment or an employment relationship should receive basic working employment conditions vital for enabling them to work effectively in the working environment. Therefore, the case of Michael should be addressed by focusing on the contract law e specially the employment conditions in the work place. Each industry has its own policies that demand employees to meet them but the labor employment law should also be taken into considerations. The contract law offer mutual recognition rules vital for assisting free movement of workers. Although these mutual recognition rules exist, more subtle impediments found in the informal practices and conventions in recruitment continue to produce much less internal movement within the workplace (Collins, 2010, 139). These principles can be challenging but only under the general principle of free movement of employees. However, in the case of Michael, there is need to focus on the contract laws and adhere to them, but the employer should not also deprive him the mandatory employment rights applicable in the state where the work is being performed. It is vital for Michael to come up with a clear agreement with the human resources about his work because health is also important for any worker working in any organization. The labor laws focus on the rights of employees including health and safety in the working places and rights; hence, the human resource manager should provide

Edit 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Edit 2 - Essay Example In this Essay I will focus on Tatsuo’s three main ideas of sovereignty, Asian culture and tradition, and religious diversity. Tatsuo views the Asian values as unauthentic and driven from an anti-West centric stance. In fact, the Asian governments invented this concept to increase their power and silence Asians’ voices by restricting their liberties. According to Tatsuo, the term Asian value is a concept used by Asian leaders to protect their societies from being invaded by Western concepts that contradict with their culture and tradition. Indeed, Tatsuo suggests that even though Asian leaders do not like the idea of democracy – viewing it as a Western value that is being forced into their society, they contradict themselves by accepting the term sovereignty, which is also a Western concept that was introduced by philosophical westerners such as Jean Bodin and Machiavelli. In fact, Tatsuo points that Asian society uses sovereignty as a way to place the power of the state above the individual rights. A good example is Bangkok Declaration that manipulates the meaning of sovereignty by illustrating the importance of respecting the nation and not interfering with foreign affairs. In my opinion, Tatsuo’s argument on sovereignty is valid. Introducing democracy to Asian society will disrupt the hierarchy system that places the state on top of its citizens. In fact, increasing the individuals’ respect and love for their state will increase their feeling of responsibility towards their nation and consider protecting their states as their first priority regardless of their human rights. Indeed, the more value is given to the state the more power it will have and the less power individuals will feel, which will increase their fear of expressing their voices even if their rights are violated. Indeed, this hierarchy system allows the state to control its citizens easily under the right of sovereignty and disregarding the rights of

Businesses in the Long-run Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Businesses in the Long-run - Essay Example The original industry size can not hold the increased output. However, the size of the expanded industry has to be optimum to ensure that the business is able to avoid diseconomies of scale (Roncaglia 2006 p 582). There are many factors that may affect the effectiveness of a business in the long-run. For example, technological advancement may either improve the operations hence increased output and reduced cost of production, or it may lead to the obsolescence of the existing technology leading to an extra cost for the business. A business may experience falling long-run costs through changing the factors of production. There is an optimum level whereby the prices are expected to be maintained, or gradually begin to rise as the factors of production continue to be varied. However, there are situations when the long-run costs may continue falling even after this point is reached, which indicates the capacity of the industry to satisfy the market with greater variation of the inputs. This essay is a critique of why businesses might experience falling long-run costs as well as the effects of this on the competitive process and the structure of industries. It also critiques the reasons why long-run costs might begin to rise, and how a business can try to avoid the rise, to maintain competitiveness in the market. Businesses usually experience falling long-run costs after engaging in ... This occurs due to the fact that if a particular production system can produce more units when more inputs are applied, it would not be utilized maximally if only a few inputs are applied in the system (Roncaglia 2006 p 582). For example, if a sisal processing plant can produce 300 units of finished product from 700 units of raw materials and operates in an environment whereby the source of raw materials can only supply 400 units, it might benefit in the long-run if it moves to other regions where the raw materials are abundant. This would lead to a fall in the long-run cost since the same plant that was initially used to produce few products for a lower profit will be used to produce a larger quantity of output within the same premises for greater profits. This means that in the long-run, a firm is able to increase its efficiency through increasing the inputs. On the other hand, when inputs are variable, the firm will only maintain the inputs that can reduce the cost of production t o improve profitability. Market expansion is significant in leading to a fall in the long-run costs of a business. This is because as new industries are established in a particular region, the prevailing industries are likely to expand to match the emerging industries. Development of industries concentrated in a particular region attracts professionals in the appropriate fields of production; hence it becomes easy for organizations to access skilled labor thereby increasing productivity. The more an industry employs skilled workforce, the more the costs of production decrease. On the other hand, suppliers for raw materials are likely to lower their cost as a result of many suppliers competing

Edit 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Edit 2 - Essay Example In this Essay I will focus on Tatsuo’s three main ideas of sovereignty, Asian culture and tradition, and religious diversity. Tatsuo views the Asian values as unauthentic and driven from an anti-West centric stance. In fact, the Asian governments invented this concept to increase their power and silence Asians’ voices by restricting their liberties. According to Tatsuo, the term Asian value is a concept used by Asian leaders to protect their societies from being invaded by Western concepts that contradict with their culture and tradition. Indeed, Tatsuo suggests that even though Asian leaders do not like the idea of democracy – viewing it as a Western value that is being forced into their society, they contradict themselves by accepting the term sovereignty, which is also a Western concept that was introduced by philosophical westerners such as Jean Bodin and Machiavelli. In fact, Tatsuo points that Asian society uses sovereignty as a way to place the power of the state above the individual rights. A good example is Bangkok Declaration that manipulates the meaning of sovereignty by illustrating the importance of respecting the nation and not interfering with foreign affairs. In my opinion, Tatsuo’s argument on sovereignty is valid. Introducing democracy to Asian society will disrupt the hierarchy system that places the state on top of its citizens. In fact, increasing the individuals’ respect and love for their state will increase their feeling of responsibility towards their nation and consider protecting their states as their first priority regardless of their human rights. Indeed, the more value is given to the state the more power it will have and the less power individuals will feel, which will increase their fear of expressing their voices even if their rights are violated. Indeed, this hierarchy system allows the state to control its citizens easily under the right of sovereignty and disregarding the rights of

Poem analysis of Digging (1966) by Seamus Heaney Essay

Poem analysis of Digging (1966) by Seamus Heaney - Essay Example The first image, the pen, also serves as a frame for the poem, appearing in the second line of the poem and the thirtieth line. These images contrast the purposes of each implement. The narrator of the poem appears to be a writer. His ancestors are all farmers. The tools they used all had a specific purpose that resulted in a way of life, farming. By becoming a writer, the narrator has broken the mold of his family. Throughout the poem, he considers the spade his father and grandfather used, and the pen is obviously not as useful in a physical sense as the spade. But, by comparing the pen to a gun, the narrator is giving it power. The pen cannot gather food from the earth or split turf to sell, but the words it creates can be as powerful as a gun. Words have inspired wars and resulted in the imprisonment of writers. The next juxtaposed images are of the father gardening and the father digging potatoes. In the first stanza, the narrator is composing at a window. While he is writing, his father is below the window digging in flower beds. This image thrusts the narrator into the past where he remembers his father digging potatoes. The juxtaposed images are present in the line, â€Å"I look down / Till his straining rump among the flowerbeds / Bends low, comes up twenty years away† (Heaney 5-7). This image mirrors the thoughts of the narrator about the usefulness of his pen. The father once engaged in meaningful work with his shovel, digging potatoes, but he now spends his time digging in flower beds. The narrator feels the same about his ancestry and his current occupation. He is a writer, which is the practical equivalent of digging in flower beds instead of in a potato patch. The image continues as the narrator travels back to memories of his grandfather, who used his tools for one purpos e, cutting peat. For the narrator, the value of a tool seems to

Online Shopping Essay Example for Free

Online Shopping Essay Online shopping (sometimes known as e-tail from electronic retail or e-shopping) is a form of electronic commercewhich allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. HISTORY English entrepreneur Michael Aldrich invented online shopping in 1979. His system connected a modified domestic TV to a real-time transaction processing computer via a domestic telephone line. his enabled closed corporate information systems to be opened to outside correspondents not just for transaction processing but also for e-messaging and information retrieval and dissemination, later known as e-business In March 1980 he went on to launch Redifons Office Revolution, which allowed consumers, customers, agents, distributors, suppliers and service companies to be connected on-line to the corporate systems and allow business transactions to be completed electronically in real-time. [3] During the 1980s[4] he designed, manufactured, sold, installed, maintained and supported many online shopping systems, using videotex technology The first secure retail transaction over the Web was either by NetMarket or Internet Shopping Network in 1994.[7]Immediately after, Amazon.com launched its online shopping site in 1995 and eBay was also introduced in 1995.[6] Alibabas sites Taobao and Tmall were launched in 2003 and 2008, respectively. Reasons for online shopping 1) Convenience: Where else can you do shopping, even at midnight, wearing your jammies? You don’t have to wait in a line or wait till the shop assistant helps you with your purchases. You can do your shopping in minutes even if you are busy, apart from saving time and avoiding crowds. Online shops give us the opportunity to shop 24 x 7 and also reward us with ‘no pollution’ shopping. 2) Better Prices: I get cheap deals and better prices from online stores because products come to you directly from the manufacturer or seller without middlemen involved. Many online shops offer discount coupons and rebates. 3) Variety: One can get several brands and products from different sellers at one place. You can get in on the latest international trends without spending money on travel; you can shop from  retailers in other parts of the country or even the world without being limited by geographic area These stores offer a far greater selection of colors and sizes than you w ill find locally. If you find that the product you need is out of stock online, you can take your business to another online store where the product is available. 4) Fewer Expenses: Many times when we opt for conventional shopping we tend to spend a lot more than the required shopping expenses, on things like eating out, traveling, impulsive shopping etc. 5) Comparison of Prices: Online shops make comparison and research of products and prices possible. Online stores also give you the ability to share information and reviews with other shoppers who have firsthand experience with a product or retailer. 6) Crowds: If you are like me, you would like to avoid the crowds when you do the shopping. Crowds force us to do a hurried shopping most of the time. Crowds also create a problem when it comes to finding a parking place nearby where you want to shop and going back to your vehicle later loaded with shopping bags. 7) Compulsive Shopping: Many times when we go out shopping we end up buying things which we do not require because of the shopkeepers’ upselling skills or we’ll compromise on our choices because of the lack of choices in those shops. 8) Discreet Purchases: Some things are better done in privacy. Online Shops enable me to purchase undergarments and lingerie or adult toys without the embarrassment that there are several people watching me and my choices. Product selection Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine. Once a particular product has been found on the website of the seller, most online retailers use shopping cart software to allow the consumer to accumulate multiple items and to adjust quantities, like filling a physical shopping cart or basket in a conventional store. A checkout process follows (continuing the physical-store analogy) in which payment and delivery information is collected, if necessary. Some stores allow consumers to sign up for a permanent online account so that some or all of this information only needs to be entered once. The consumer often receives an  e-mail confirmation once the transaction is complete. Payment Billing to mobile phones and landlines[13][14] Cash on delivery (C.O.D.) Cheque/ Check Debit card Direct debit in some countries Electronic money of various types Gift cards Postal money order Wire transfer/delivery on payment Invoice, especially popular in some markets/countries, such as Switzerland Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies Product delivery Once a payment has been accepted, the goods or services can be delivered in the following ways. For physical items: Shipping: The product is shipped to a customer-designated address. Retail package delivery is typically done by the public postal system or a retail courier such as FedEx, UPS, DHL, or TNT. Drop shipping: The order is passed to the manufacturer or third-party distributor, who then ships the item directly to the consumer, bypassing the retailers physical location to save time, money, and space. In-store pick-up: The customer selects a local store using a locator software and picks up the delivered product at the selected location. This is the method often used in the bricks and clicks business model. For digital items or tickets: Downloading/Digital distribution:[15] The method often used for digital media products such as software, music, movies, or images. Printing out, provision of a code for, or e-mailing of such items as admission tickets and scrip (e.g., gift certificates and coupons). The tickets, codes, or coupons may be redeemed at the appropriate physical or online premises and their content reviewed to verify their eligibility (e.g., assurances  that the right of admission or use is redeemed at the correct time and place, for the correct dollar amount, and for the correct number of uses). Will call, COBO (in Care Of Box Office), or at the door pickup: The patron picks up pre-purchased tickets for an event, such as a play, sporting event, or concert, either just before the event or in advance. With the onset of the Internet and e-commerce sites, which allow customers to buy tickets online, the popularity of this service has increased. Types of Buying Behaviour. There are four types of buying behaviour. 1. Complex buying behaviour is where the individual purchases a high value brand and seeks a lot of information before the purchase is made. 2. Habitual buying behaviour is where the individual buys a product out of habit e.g. a daily newspaper, sugar or salt. 3. Variety seeking buying behaviour is where the individual likes to shop around and experiment with different products. So an individual may shop around for different breakfast cereals because he/she wants variety in the mornings! 4. Dissonance reducing buying behaviour is when buyers are highly involved with the purchase of the product, because the purchase is expensive or infrequent. There is little difference between existing brands an example would be buying a diamond ring, as people believe there is little difference between diamond brand manufacturers.

Free Essays - A Lesson Before Dying :: Lesson Before Dying Essays

Ganes, Earnest J. A Lesson Before Dying. New York: Vintage Books   1993. Genre: Novel 256 pages Setting: The story is set in a small Cajun Louisiana town in the 1940’s. The setting in this story is significant because, the whole story is about how a young black boy is treated unfairly and sentenced to death because of something he did not do. It also deals with the emotions that this black boy faces because he has been treated unfairly by the white people. Major Characters: Jefferson, black boy who is accused of a crime and sentenced to death; Grant Wiggons, teacher sent to help Jefferson. After he went and obtained a college degree, Grant Wiggins goes back to live with his grandmother. Being that he is a very educated person, Grant was elected by his grandmother to try and get Jefferson to realize that he was a man and not an animal like the white people had led him to believe. Throughout the entire novel, Grant is battling this idea in his head because he doesn’t feel that even he knows what it is to be a man. He doesn’t believe that he is the right person to talk to Jefferson. But by the end of the novel, he figures out what it is to be a man. Minor Characters: Miss Emma is Jefferson’s grandmother. She is the one who had the whole idea of Grant going up to the jail and talking to Jefferson, showing him that he is a man. Tante Lou is Grant’s aunt. She is the person who raised Grant to be the good, kind person that he is. She is also the one who talked Grant into talking to Jefferson. Vivian is Grant’s girlfriend; she is Grant’s encouragement. Whatever problems he has, he always talks to her about them and she makes him feel better, and helps him through them. Summary: This story is about racism in the south and how it affects the people it concerns. It starts out with Jefferson being sentenced to death for a crime that he did not commit. He was in the wrong place, at the wrong time, and because he was black, they assumed he did it. Grant Wiggins is told to go up to the jail and convince Jefferson that he is a man. At first he doesn’t know how to make Jefferson see that he is a man, but through visiting Jefferson, talking to Vivian and witnessing things around the community, he is able to reach Jefferson, convince him that he was a man.

Salem Witch :: essays research papers

Paranoia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Paranoia is the underlying factor of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692. Samuel Parris had a great terror of Satan arming his foes to destroy both him and his church. He was obsessed with any sinfulness that he saw.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although it was not just Reverend Parris that had these beliefs. It was the paranoid society, which he was a member of. The Puritans were paranoid of being different. Conformity was a large part of their life because they were all driven into the same religion. Originality is a natural human characteristic that was stripped of their being. They believed that if they didn't do what society said was the right thing to do that they would be punished in the afterlife. Because of their geographical location, they could not choose what society they belonged to, whether they liked it or not. If they did try to leave, chances are they would die in the harsh New England wilderness. They also feared the natives of the area. This caused many people to grit their teeth and bear the Puritan ways. Also this was the only way of life these people knew. They had never been in an atmosphere that flourished in new ideas. Therefore, they never had beliefs of their own. They were limi ted in the choices they made. If it weren’t for the underlying fears of being different than the Witch Trails of Salem would have never occurred.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ironically the Puritans were victims of the very society that they traveled across the Atlantic to escape. The roots of evil were still implanted in them. The church was all that had changed, and it had changed for the worse. Bertrand Russell once said, â€Å"It doesn’t matter what you believe as long as you don’t believe it completly.† Since the Puritans beliefs were absolute, it devestated their society. There was no room for new ideas. New ideas would directly contradict their religion. That is why anybody that was different was considered a witch and consequently killed. They died because of mass paranoia. This paranoia is what drove the young girls into their hysterical state of mind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Their society revolved around fear, a fear of god. They feared very much what god would do with them once their time one earth was at an end. They justified the entire unknown with their beliefs of god. If they had bad luck or encounters with natural disasters, they thought god was punishing them.

The Story of Tom Brennan

After reading: Fear, drink driving, family relationships, friendship, conflict, grief and loss are all important themes of this book. Choose two themes and describe/discuss how they are portrayed in the book. (We will work through an example answer in class) THEMES How is the theme of fear portrayed in TSOTB? Sample Answer (Fear is a significant theme in TSOTB. Throughout the story we see many examples of character confronting and being challenged by fear. We also see the different ways that characters cope with fear.Tom Brennan is frightened of many things. He is frightened by the death of Nicole and Luke, the quadriplegia of Finn, the imprisonment of Daniel, the illness of his mother, the challenge of establishing himself in a new community. How does Tom confront his fears and cope with them? Tom initially feels guilt ridden by a number of the tragedies that had occurred. With support from people such as C,T and B, Tom starts to realise that these tragedies were not his fault. He c ould not control what had happened. Tom pays his respects to the families of N and L.He starts to visit Finn on a more regular basis and he acknowledges that things will never return to how they were. Tom â€Å"moves on with his life† and in doing so overcomes many of his fears. ) Character Analysis: Choose one of the following characters and provide a detailed character analysis of them: Tom Brennan, Daniel Brennan, Tess Brennan, Joe Brennan, Brendan, Gran, Finn, Kylie, Kath, Chrissie. Remember to follow the characterisation checklist. Characterisation Checklist: Name character Describe appearance Describe relationships with othersDescribe thoughts, words and actions Describe personality Describe goals, ambitions, regrets Describe how the character has changed/developed/grown throughout the course of the book. Sample Character Analysis: Kath O’Neil is Finn’s mother and an auntie of Daniel, Tom and Kylie Brennan. Kath is Tess’ sister. We don't know a lot about Kath’s appearance. She would most likely be a strong, capable woman who has a active life. Following the accident and the responsibility of caring for Finn. Kath has to get used to lots of physical lifting and work.Kath shares positive relationships with others, however, the nature of these relationships would have been significantly compromised by the accident and Kath’s feelings as to may have been responsible for her son’s quadriplegia. Kath appears at times to be very stressed and very angry. This of course would be a natural reaction to what has transpired in her life. She is also determined to what she can for her son. No doubt Kath’s goals, ambition and regrets would have changed significantly with the crash. Her life going forward was changed hugely and she would have had huge regrets at the loss of her family’s life as it had once been.

Life Of Omar Bin Al Khatab History Essay

History is the manifestation of adult male ‘s will ; it changes its class when an ordinary adult male shows vastly strong will power and that ‘s how an ordinary adult male becomes a fable. Omar Bin Al-Khatab was one such character. He seems to hold changed the class of history with his ain will. Omar is regarded as most of import figures in history of Islam and the true designer of Islamic Empire. Historical histories prove him to be one of the greatest vanquishers, a wise and merely swayer and a adult male known for his simple life style and love of God. Omar become the 2nd Muslim swayer after decease of Muhammad and ruled for 10 old ages. He was a taking advisor to the Islamic prophesier Muhammad Omar was a great supporter and comrade of the Prophet Mohammed. Omar converted to Islam after 6 old ages of Mohammed ‘s first disclosure and spent 18 old ages attach toing the Prophet. He succeeded the first calif Abu Bakr on 23 rd of grand 634 as the 2nd calif and changed the historical building of Islamic history. Rising from the rank of a shepherd and a junior-grade merchandiser he became the true architecture of the Islamic civilisation. ( Wikipedia, 2011 ) Early life His female parent ‘s name was Hantammah and male parent ‘s name was Khattab ibn Nufayl, from the folk of Banu Makhzum. Omar was born to a in-between category household and when he was a kid his male parent put him to the undertaking of croping camels. His male parent was a tough taskmaster, and Omar frequently recalled how his male parent beaten him up pitilessly whenever there was a error on his portion. It seems that Omar grew up as a typical Arab male child -a tall immature adult male with a robust build and impressive character. It is believed that among the Quraish of those yearss merely 17 people were able to read and compose and Omar was one of them. He was really intelligent and had a eminent personality, intellectually and physically every bit good. He was a good public talker. By all available histories he seemed to be an mean Arab young person.At the same clip he was gifted with self-respect, a broad-mind and a strong sense of justness. He appeared to be a adult male of strong strong beliefs, a good friend, and a bad enemy. He was ever ready to stand up against the oppressor and recommend the cause of the weak. Later in his young person he took up the traditional profession of a bargainer. As a bargainer, he travelled extensively to Syria, Iraq, and Yemen, Rome and Persia and other topographic points every bit good. He was a good bargainer ; he made good money and developed a good geopolitical apprehension of the part every bit good while going. ( Islamic Point ) Omar converted to Islam in 616, before that he was the fiercest opposition of Islam. Interestingly, he resolved to kill Prophet Mohammed to complete Islam wholly.He believed that the coming of new religion of Islam will interrupt the integrity of Quraish. Omar was the most inexorable and really barbarous in oppressing Muslims. Converting to Islam In the twelvemonth 616 Umar got converted to Islam. Once he read the poetries of Quran, he was so impressed by the deity of the poetries he accepted Islam on that really same twenty-four hours in forepart of the prophesier and his comrades. Omar ‘s transition gave assurance to the Muslims and they felt powered. It was seen as the triumph of Islam, Muslims did n't offer supplications at al-harem mosque until Omar accepted Islam ( Abdullah bin Masoud, n.d. ) . Because of all this the Prophet himself gave him the rubric of Al-Farooq, one who distinguishes true from falsity. Now Islam was deriving popularity ; in 622 A.D. because of the increasing popularity of Islam in Medina, Mohammed ordered his followings to migrate to Medina. Omar besides went to Medina. Muslims lived peacefully in Medina for about a twelvemonth before Quraish ground forces attacked Medina.Omar played cardinal function in the conflicts between Quraish and Muslims. ( Encyclopedia ) Caliphate He succeeded the first calif Abu Bakr in 634A.D. and played a cardinal function in determining the history of Islam. Under him the Islamic Empire was expanded at a rate that could merely be compared to the great Roman Empire. His opinion abilities, administrative accomplishments and his intelligently coordinated onslaughts against the Iranian Empire resulting in the conquering of the Persian Empire, established him as a great military and political leader of the epoch. But it was non really easy for him to acquire things under control as he was non a popular figure because of his stringency and bossy nature. Abu Bakr ‘s comrades ab initio discouraged the thought of Caliphate of Omar but Abu Bakr had other programs and he assured his high ranking comrades that one time Omar becomes calif he would be a changed adult male. Omar was really clear and did conveyed that he will be soft with them who followed the regulations and would be rough and ill-mannered with those who wo n't follow the same. He wanted the well being of the hapless and underprivileged ; because of his democrat policies he quickly gained popularity. ( Encyclopedia ) Political and civil disposal Umar ‘s authorities was a unitary authorities ; Caliph had the supreme political authorization. His imperium was divided into independent and states. States were divided into territories. There were 100 territories in the district of Umar. The Wali ( Provincial governors ) were the decision maker of these states, which were recruited by Umar. These were the officer ‘s place at the provincial degree was which were appointed by Omaror the provincial governors: Katib ( Chief Secretary ) , Sahib-ul-Kharaj, ( Revenue Collector ) , Sahib-ul-Ahdath, ( Police head ) , Sahib-Bait-ul-Mal ( Treasury Officer ) and Qadi ( Chief Judge ) . In some of the territories there were separate military officers. The Commanding officer of the ground forces in most of the topographic points remained the same and that was the Governor ( Wali ) . Whenever the appointed anyone they used to make that all in composing. Nothing was without paperwork. When they were seeking to name or appointed Wali the instrument of instructions was made to the modulating behavior of Governors. ( Wikipedia, 2010 )Military enlargementOmar was one of the greatest decision makers of his epoch. Omar believed in consolidating his power and political influence. With the proper counsel of Umar, Islamic took a huge alteration and grew large clip as a really fast rate. He introduced several administrative reforms ; he made a Shura ( advisory ) council and sought advice from them on affairs of province personal businesss. He divided the immense Islamic imperium in different states and appointed a governor who was answerable to caliph. The Governors were suppose d to assist in disposal and whosoever used their office to acquire rich was badly punished. As a Caliph, Omar was ready to accept and follow what was good in other civilisations as good. Wherever possible, he tried to larn from others and adopted the advanced techniques and administrative patterns of the conquered people as good. For illustration, when Persia was conquered, Windmills were in extended usage in Persia, Omar ordered the building of windmills in several Arab states, including Medina. For the first clip military was organized professionally and made a province section. Finance, accounting, revenue enhancement and exchequer sections were created for the first clip in the Islamic Empire. Police, prisons and postal units were established. ( Islamic Point )ReformsAgribusiness was promoted during his Caliphate. Irrigation system was reformed ; old canals were excavated and new 1s built. Large countries of land were brought under cultivation. Roadss were built and were on a regular basis patrolled. A traveller could travel with safety on the roads of the immense Islamic Empire. When Omar became the Caliph of Islam, most of the states economic system was based on bondage. Omar was the 1 who raised his voice against bondage. He took specific step to extinguish bondage every bit far as possible. The immense districts of Islamic Empire – West Asia and North Africa were transformed into a free trade zone. Business brought prosperity. Omar understood the importance of instruction ; instruction was encouraged and instructors were paid good. The survey of Quran, Hadith, linguistic communication and literature and penmanship received backing from the Empire. Omar was himself a poet and an impressive speechmaker. He constructed Over 4,000 mosques during his Caliphate. Technology and new administrative patterns such as the building of windmills, formation of accounting section were encouraged. In the imperium new roads were laid out and old 1s were repaired. Omar organized a population nose count in the Empire following the illustration of the China. Muslim rules extended increasingly during the Caliphate of Umar, about 4000 mosques were constructed. He provided visible radiations to the mosques and superior fabric to cover the Kaaba. It happened in the twelvemonth 638 that Arabia fell into drouth which was besides been so followed by a dearth. To do this alteration and to do it better Umar tried many things out of which 1 was hosting dinner every dark. It was approximately more than hundred 1000 people who used to come for the dinner every dark. Conditionss began to better in early 639. When dearth ended so Umar went to see and steer the people. Not merely he guided but besides gave good sum, rations and besides exempted them from revenue enhancement ( zakat ) for that twelvemonth and the twelvemonth following it. Omer went for hadj in Mecca when he was assassinated. He was assassinated in response to the Muslim conquering of Persia, by a Iranian in 644. Character assassination of Umar was been assigned by Abu Lulu. The history of Omar shows and explains many things. He was a adult male with great powers of head. He was really stiff in doing justness and with inflexible unity.

Culture Adaptation And Cultural Change Essay

Culture refers to the lifestyle or rather a system of tradition that dictates the thought and even action of a given group of people in a society. It gets its expression in the language, beliefs, customs and even food thus offering a direction for effective successful living. Culture gives one identity of the everyday symbols, customs, body language; food and social cues which becomes very difficult to lose overnight. Cultural adaptation is the processes through which an individual undergoes in order to adjust to another culture different from his normal way of life. Different countries or environment have differing cultural practices and its common for people to feel disoriented when they leave their familiar surrounding to a different environment or countries. It is quite true that culture restrains our behavior because it plays a vital role in our day to day lives. Culture socializes us into a given way of life and is responsible for determining who we are and our view of the entire world. Who we are does not only depend on our nature and personality but also the culture that surrounds us. Humans are sum and substances of nature, personality and the culture all of which contributes importantly to the final individuals. Our culture affects how we think, how we behave, who we are and how we respond to our surrounding and it is easily transmitted from generation to generation through the parents, education systems and even peers. Since culture is greatly embedded in our nature and personality, that is, culture is a central ingredient in the production of a human person; it’s a big huddle to adapt to other cultures. However, we are daily confronted with issues that call for modification, recreation and even elimination of some of the elements of our cultures. For effective cultural change to be obtained there is need to understand the underlying differences in the current culture and the culture one wants to create. Our culture is transformed by our daily pressure on what old tradition that needs to be dropped, how to combine the diverse elements of cultures that surrounds us and the daily decision of the new ideas to be included in the culture. Cultural change is possible when we define precisely the culture we are building and use those terms to inflict the necessary changes we want to make in the existing culture. As groups of people migrate from places to come together they tend to merge cultures and finally come up with a common cultural practice for all. The most common element of culture that experience drastic changes is the language especially when the groups are interested in trading with each other, they will need a common mode of communication thus the language would be quickly changed to ease trade. However, there are other elements of culture that cannot be wholly eradicated, such as food preferences and the norms that outlast the reason for their development. For cultural change to be effected all the stakeholders must be willing to change. The social nature in humans that tends to drive them to share their experiences and knowledge with others is another powerful tool in effecting cultural change. Reference: Samuel P. Huntington. Cultures Presentation: Colorado College’s 125th Anniversary Symposium, February 4, 1999.

International marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International marketing - Essay Example The concept of marketing arose from the recognized need of a business to relate to the potential consumers they were targeting and develop a line of communication that will enable them to relay any messages to the public (Kotler & Keller, 2006). The practice of marketing also served to create new inroads in freshly established regions that allows for the opportunity to develop a consumer base. Marketing strategies come into play when a company is implementing their method of marketing and consists of the particular pathways that will be chosen by an organization aiming to achieve this objective (Laermer & Simmons, 2007). The marketing strategies that are developed will be determined by the type of business the organization is involved in as well as the specific objectives that they wish to achieve. A business may choose to focus on a particular objective that they feel is essential to the strengthening of their business and this in turn will determine the particular methods that are put into application (Kotler & Keller, 2006). ... In this particular case scenario the market environment will be placed in the South African region as this is the area where the business wishes to set up their operations (Kotler & Keller, 2006). The environment can be categorized into two factors when attempting to decipher the various issues that affects the dental market the practice is hoping to penetrate. These categories are internal and external factors: Internal Factors This refers to the factors within the business that will affect the marketing strategies that may be implemented by the practice. They include: Size of the practice – The size of the business will directly affect the level of marketing they are able to undertake as well as the methods that will be implemented in relation to the business’ financial capabilities (Laermer & Simmons, 2007). The size of the business may also refer to the intended extent the practice plans on growing their South African business, a moderate establishment would not req uire as much marketing as an intended National brand would. Organizational Structure – The manner in which the company is structured and established means of operations will determining the marketing strategy that will be implemented with regard to the decision makers. The marketing activities may be controlled by the London based department which may mean that the South African strategies will have to have originated from headquarters before the business is able to act on them. It is advisable that individuals who are based within the region be in charge of the marketing operations as this is the group that has the clearest perspective of what they are dealing with and the steps that need

National Hockey Leagues Advertising Campaign Assignment - 1

National Hockey Leagues Advertising Campaign - Assignment Example Beginning with the hegemonic masculinity, the paper further refers to Conell’s definition of hegemonic masculinity, as a dominance of ruling class, depicted by its control over the sports institutions and media. However, the author of this paper has defined the masculine hegemony, in the context of gender participation in hockey. Accordingly, the campaign is about the dominance of men in sports, projecting women in a subordinated role. Exploring the creation and development of â€Å"inside the Warrior’ theme, the author refers to the NHL’s 2004-2005 lockout season, which resulted in the re-launch of new professional entertainment product, ice hockey. The marketing techniques involved the use of Chinese philosophy and inclusion of female voice. The lockout season was the result of the hockey being transformed from a small game to big business that involved inflated payouts to the players. The resulting declines in the revenues of NHL prompted the league to formalize salary cap and finally the re-branding exercise. In the second part of the paper, the author refers to promotional strategies adopted by the theme conductors. According to the President of Conductor, Tom Cotton, the campaign had a mix of eastern and western strategies, with proverbial reference from China. Tom refers to the campaign as the product of one script, which was part of the content that could be developed into a multi-channel media plan. The first thing that strikes the mind is the use of the word, ’masculinity’ in the advertising campaign, which is being discussed in this article. There is every indication that the campaign has a gender bias, as it depicts the male superiority in the field of hockey. The author does not provide any research material, which could support the presentation of such bias. Even the fans and other participating personalities in the campaign belong to the male species only.

No topic needed this is part of paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

No topic needed this is part of - Research Paper Example This amount then helps in developing an economic structure so that the investor can afford the health expenditures in the future. Thus, the person plays a safe game by being insured. But lately, because of the recession, many people living in the United States have become unemployed because of which they are unable to renew their insurance packages. Secondly, uninsured people usually go to any physician irrespective of his expertise in the field. These physicians have no previous medical records of the person under treatment, thus they are not specialized in prescribing any sort of drugs to the person. When people intake wrong drugs, they risk their lives in the process. Wrong treatment results in side reactions, births of new diseases and outbursts of epidemics. Other than the doctor, the local government has to face all these troubles and allegations as well. When payment regarding the health insurance is not made, the cost incurred is to be covered by the hospitals of the health institutions. This results in the medical services deteriorating. Health problems are more prevalent in insured people than the insured ones. This is because the uninsured individuals resort to implementing on the medical advice taken from the local doctors. Or they try to treat themselves without any professional advice whatsoever which leads to chronic illnesses. Recent calculations show that 2 million uninsured individuals have been told that they have arthritis, 1.8 million have asthma and 1.3 million have chronic bronchitis. An additional 613,000 people have diabetes and a further 615,000 have cancer. These findings are evidence of the fact that uninsured people bear a greater risk of falling prey to chronic and deep-rooted illnesses, which is a bigger threat to the health of the nation as a whole. Many people – the number is unknown - suffer from a particular illness so they are uninsurable. One way of solving the problem of

Knowledge and asset management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Knowledge and asset management - Essay Example Finally, the report gives how the report can be of help to other companies. (Han 2003) Change is inevitable in any organization. How an organization treats its stake holders, will define its success or failure in implementing any change. An organization needs to define who a stakeholder is and influence the stakeholder has in order to handle them and to have their support in the implementation process. It is worth to note that no stakeholder should be ignored. This is a case study of Seven Seas Technology (Drucker 1974). Seven Seas Technology is an international company dealing with ICT. The company operates globally with most interest in Africa market as the market for technology is high. The company deals with technology solutions for large companies and government agencies. In the recent past, the company has won in tenders with multinationals and governments in Africa. Currently the company is in a contract with the Zambian government to install a sea cable in the country. The company was also in a multi billion contract with the Nigerian government where it was involved in networking government ministries and other government agencies. The company also secured a contract with Vodafone where it developed a system to provide computing services to its customers in the entire world. So what is the real secret behind this accomplishment story? Seven Seas were previously referred to as Dataset Technology where it had a narrow scope of business. The company only focused on East African market. The company wanted to have a wider scope to tap the adaptation of technology in the whole of Africa. The company’s top management then thought it was good to rebrand the company and increase their capital in order for the company to operate in whole of Africa. Seven seas had to identify its stakeholders and develop new ways to make sure they

Social Science Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social Science Research - Essay Example This paper as the main task of tracing out the advantages of a comparative methodology that result in value addition in case study analysis ,on the one hand, and, on the other, this paper also explains the various pitfalls that are encountered in social science research when it deploys the comparative methodology. This analysis is achieved by carrying out a literature review in support of arguments in favour of and against the comparative methodology and by citing literature involving case studies that deployed comparative analysis as methodology. Seligson & Tucker (2003) report an interesting cross country study of two very different nations i.e. Bolivia and Russia. They attempt to arrive at conclusions regarding preference for ex-authoritarian rulers in public elections in each of these two countries which are otherwise very divergent in social, economic and geopolitical characteristics. In order to derive such conclusions the research deployed the comparative methodology. The researchers explain their research setting, conclusions and variables in following words, "In our research we find that a preference for authoritarian regime types is a key predictor of support for ex-authoritarian candidates for president in two vastly different countries: Bolivia and Russia. ... Despite the different past and contemporary economic and political characteristics of these two countries, voters choose to support ex-authoritarian candidates in free elections in part because they favor authoritarian regime types. Social capital variables, though, seem to have no effect on this vote choice. Pro-authoritarian attitudes, however, are not the only factors driving support for these candidates. In the Bolivian case our evidence suggests that voters may also prefer ex-authoritarian candidates because of concern over unemployment and corruption. In the Russian case, concern over the state of the national economy clearly plays a role. In both countries, older voters are more likely to support ex-authoritarian candidates. In Russia we find similar patterns for poorer and working class voters as well. As we have examined only two cases in which voters have cast their ballots for former authoritarians, there remain many questions for future research. As a first step, it would be illuminating to examine whether we find similar patterns in other post-communist and Latin American countries in an effort to make sure we have not merely stumbled upon an exclusively Bolivian-Russian connection. Moreover, this analysis was deliberately limited to Presidential elections to facilitate more seamless comparison across the two cases. Having established a realistic basis for comparison, future work could consider parliamentary elections, as well as sub-national elections, in hopes of seeking further evidence of the generalizability of our findings". It is clear from the above that the researchers are very wary of the conclusions reached by them after this comparative analysis. They mention the factors that may affect the

Organizational Behavior and Human Resources Essay Example for Free

Organizational Behavior and Human Resources Essay Organizational behavior is the study and application of knowledge about people or groups of people in an organization. It focuses on what people do and why they do it with aim of improving what they do. Since an organization is a collection of people working together in an organized social structure to achieve a common goal, application of theories and concepts of human behavior is imperative to attain the goals of organizations. Organizational behavior covers areas such as human behavior, leadership in an organization, teams, communications, employee relations etc. Clark, 2008). A study of the organization’s behavior helps the management to succeed in business opportunities. Human resource management is a strategic approach to the management of employees in an organization. It includes activities such as planning, selection, recruitment and maintaining employees. To sustain high performing employees, ensuring safe working environments and compliance to rules and regulations in an organization are some of the main objectives of human resource management. These objectives can only be attained through efficient analyses of the employees’ behaviors. Therefore, when human resource management and organization behavior blend together in an organization, they help to bring about strong and active workforce which help the organization meet its strategic goals. Effective policy development in human resources would help management to establish a strong workforce and explore untapped resources and strategies that would improve the organization performance. In order to employ effective policies, the management should make best decisions in a timely manner in a given situation. Human resource managers should be involved in making strategic decisions of the organization such as being informed on the long term plans of the strategic management. To amicably resolve personnel issues and find appropriate solutions to these issues, the management should have proper human resource policies. The policies should incorporate fresh ideas that reflect current situation in the organizations and the current business world in general. Human resources policies ensure that employees receive equal treatment in a wide range of employment issues and in legal matters incase they arise. To effectively develop human resource in any organization, it is necessary to have policies on employees’ benefits such as educational assistance, retirement benefits, health care and medical benefits etc. Another factor to consider when formulating the policies is the safety, health and security of the employees. Issues such as workplace violence, drugs, crisis management, and diseases like HIV/AIDS should be addressed in policy development. In addition it is important to consider employees relations which entail dispute resolutions and grievances, employees privacy, employees performance management, discipline and the conduct of employees in the organization. Selection, recruitment and placement of employees is a fundamental function in the human resource management. Discrimination in terms of race, religion, sex or in any form should be discouraged in the hiring and recruitment process. In order to improve employees’ skills and their efficiency, there should be a policy on employee training and development. In conclusion, effective policies should seek to motivate employees whereby they feel comfortable and satisfied hence improve their performance. The human resource should operate in a flexible environment. For instance, employees can operate in shifts where different people start and end their workday at different time. The organization should adopt technologies that would enable the employees to work outside the workplace. A study in organizational behavior shows that different people get motivated in different ways and can perform better under different circumstances. The management should therefore, customize their way of rewarding employees to their particular preferences (Marques, 2007).